Your lymphatic system is an essential part of your immune system. This complex network of vessels, organs and glands moves lymph fluid where it needs to go to help your body detoxify, fight off infection and maintain fluid balance. In short, you could not live without it.
If your lymphatic system has a blockage or other problem, lymphatic drainage massage — also called manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) — is a proven way to help it perform better. MLD stimulates the lymphatic system with gentle massage of the lymph nodes and vessels located just beneath the skin.
But recent claims suggest that people with healthy lymphatic systems may also benefit from MLD. Touted benefits for healthy people include:
- Detoxification
- Immunity boost
- Weight loss
The problem is there is no substantial scientific evidence supporting these claims. The truth is that a healthy body is a well-oiled machine. Your lymphatic system does not necessarily need your help unless it's not working well. In some cases, your "help" may do more harm than good.
To help you sort through the hype, check out these six facts about lymphatic drainage massage:
1. MLD plays a critical role in treating lymphedema
Lymphedema is a chronic disease that occurs when your lymphatic system is not working properly. Lymph fluid does not travel through the body as it should. It builds up and can cause swelling that leads to skin and tissue changes.
Complete decongestive therapy (CDT) for lymphedema combines a variety of approaches to reduce swelling and get the lymphatic system working more effectively. CDT approaches include:
- MLD, to improve the lymphatic system's ability to collect and move lymph fluid
- Compression, using bandaging, garments and pneumatic compression therapy, to apply pressure that may help restore normal lymphatic circulation
- Skin care, to reduce the risk of wounds and infection
- Exercise, which encourages your muscles to pump gently and move lymph fluid out of the limb
- Education, to encourage self-care after treatment
2. Lymphatic drainage massage does not directly cause weight loss
Lymphatic massage can reduce swelling and give the temporary appearance of slimmer, tighter skin. However, there is no evidence that MLD causes weight loss.
MLD may indirectly help with weight loss for people with existing lymphatic system issues. When lymph fluid keeps moving and drains properly, swelling decreases and may result in minor weight loss.
One study also concluded that MLD may have a positive effect on insulin and leptin — two hormones that regulate your appetite and your body's ability to process blood sugar. Researchers suggest that when people who are normal weight or overweight combine MLD with exercise and calorie restriction, it may help prevent obesity.
3. Using MLD after cosmetic procedures may aid in recovery and outcomes
Lymphatic system disruption and lymphedema are common concerns following surgery — especially if surgery involves removal of lymph nodes. But even after cosmetic surgeries with no lymph node involvement, the risk for lymphedema increases.
While more research is needed, preliminary studies suggest that MLD may improve postoperative recovery and satisfaction following cosmetic procedures, such as:
- Abdominal liposuction
- Breast augmentation (reduction)
- Eyelid procedures
- Facelift
- Facial procedures such as injectables, fillers or botulinum toxin (Botox)
- Thigh lift or arm lift (brachioplasty) after significant weight loss
4. Lymphatic massage can be relaxing and may reduce stress
MLD does not typically have a significant effect on healthy lymphatic systems. But research shows that performing MLD on the neck may temporarily slow the heart rate and reduce blood pressure in healthy individuals. Those reactions are signs of your body calming its nervous system and relaxing.
Another smaller study found that performing MLD on the abdomen may also increase relaxation in people under psychological stress.
5. MLD is best performed by a medical professional
You can perform lymphatic massage on yourself, but you should always start with a certified lymphedema therapist, physical therapist or massage therapist trained in MLD. A medical professional can perform MLD safely and effectively. They can also teach you how to properly perform MLD on yourself.
There are very few risks or side effects associated with lymphatic massage. But MLD can potentially increase circulation, dislodge a clot or spread infection, which can be dangerous for people who have certain conditions, including:
It's always a good idea to consult your primary care provider before getting MLD.
6. Healthy people rarely need to worry about their lymphatic system
The buzz around lymphatic massage is that it can improve wellness in healthy people by boosting immune function and flushing the system of toxins. The truth is that a healthy lymphatic system does not need your help with those tasks.
There is no credible evidence showing that MLD in healthy people leads to additional benefits in those areas. If you want to support your lymphatic system function, focus on regular exercise, balanced nutrition and staying hydrated. Healthy lifestyle choices help keep your body functioning as it should.
