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    • Cerebral Contusion and Intracerebral Hematoma
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    • Chronic Subdural Hematomas
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    • Phantom Limb Pain
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    • Pineocytoma
    • Platybasia
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    • Pseudotumor Cerebri
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UCLA Neurosurgery

Conditions Treated

Conditions Treated

Conditions Treated

  • Acoustic Neuroma
  • Adult Tethered Cord
  • Acromegaly
  • Acute Subdural Hematomas
  • Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA)
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis
  • Aqueductal Stenosis
  • Arachnoid Cysts
  • Arnold Chiari Malformation
  • Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
  • Astrocytoma
  • Ballism
  • Basilar Invagination
  • Brachial Plexus Injury
  • Brain Aneurysm
  • Brain Attack (Stroke)
  • Brain AVM
  • Brain Conditions
  • Brain Metastases
  • Brainstem Glioma
  • Carotid Dissection
  • Carotid Stenosis
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Causalgia
  • Cavernous Angioma
  • Cerebral Aneurysms
  • Cerebral Contusion and Intracerebral Hematoma
  • Chordomas
  • Chorea
  • Chronic Subdural Hematomas
  • Colloid Cyst
  • Coma
  • Concussion
  • Congenital Dermal Sinus
  • Cranial GunShot Wounds
  • Craniopharyngioma
  • Craniosynostosis
  • Cushing's Disease
  • Cyst Epidermoid Tumor
  • Dandy Walker Syndrome
  • Degenerative Disc Disease
  • Dermoid Tumor
  • Disc Herniation
  • Dural Arteriovenous Malformations
  • Dystonia
  • Ependymoma
  • Epidermoid Tumor (Cyst)
  • Epidural Hematomas
  • Epilepsy
  • Essential Tremor
  • Extratemporal Lobe Epilepsies
  • Facet Joint Syndrome
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Frontal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Ganglioglioma
  • Glioblastoma
  • Germinoma
  • Glioma
  • Glomus Jugulare Tumor
  • Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia
  • Hemangioblastomas
  • Hemi-Facial Spasm
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Hyperhidrosis
  • Intracerebral Hemorrhage
  • Intracranial Hypotension
  • JPA
  • Low-Grade Astrocytoma
  • Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
  • Lymphoma
  • Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumors
  • Medulloblastoma
  • Meningioma Brain Tumor
  • Meralgia Paresthetica
  • Metastatic Brain Tumors
  • Moyamoya Disease
  • Myelomeningocele
  • Myelopathy
  • Nelson's Syndrome
  • Neurocysticercosis
  • Neurofibromatosis Type 2 and Schwannomatosis
  • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
  • Oligodendroglioma
  • Optic Nerve Glioma
  • Osteoarthritis of the Peripheral Joint
  • Osteoarthritis of the Spine
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures
  • Parkinsons Syndrome
  • Pediatric Conditions
  • Pediatric Hydrocephalus
  • Peripheral Nerve Injury
  • Phantom Limb Pain
  • Pineal Tumor
  • Pineoblastoma
  • Pineocytoma
  • Platybasia
  • Postherpetic Neuralgia
  • Post-Traumatic Seizures
  • Primary CNS Lymphoma
  • Pseudotumor Cerebri
  • Radiculopathy—Cervical & Lumbar (Pinched Nerve)
  • Recurrent Adenomas
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Schwannomas
  • Scoliosis
  • Seizure
  • Skull Fracture
  • Slit Ventricle Syndrome
  • Spasticity
  • Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
  • Spinal Compression Fractures
  • Spine Conditions
  • Spinal Cord Injury
  • Spinal Cord Lipomas & Lipomyelomeningoceles
  • Spinal Cord Tumors
  • Stenosis
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
  • Syringomyelia
  • Tethered Cord Syndrome
  • Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
  • Thyrotroph (TSH) Secreting Adenomas
  • Torticollis
  • Traumatic Hematomas
  • Trigeminal Neuralgia
  • Trochanteric Bursitis
  • Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
  • Acoustic Neuroma
  • Adult Tethered Cord
  • Acromegaly
  • Acute Subdural Hematomas
  • Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA)
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis
  • Aqueductal Stenosis
  • Arachnoid Cysts
  • Arnold Chiari Malformation
  • Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
  • Astrocytoma
  • Ballism
  • Basilar Invagination
  • Brachial Plexus Injury
  • Brain Aneurysm
  • Brain Attack (Stroke)
  • Brain AVM
  • Brain Conditions
  • Brain Metastases
  • Brainstem Glioma
  • Carotid Dissection
  • Carotid Stenosis
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Causalgia
  • Cavernous Angioma
  • Cerebral Aneurysms
  • Cerebral Contusion and Intracerebral Hematoma
  • Chordomas
  • Chorea
  • Chronic Subdural Hematomas
  • Colloid Cyst
  • Coma
  • Concussion
  • Congenital Dermal Sinus
  • Cranial GunShot Wounds
  • Craniopharyngioma
  • Craniosynostosis
  • Cushing's Disease
  • Cyst Epidermoid Tumor
  • Dandy Walker Syndrome
  • Degenerative Disc Disease
  • Dermoid Tumor
  • Disc Herniation
  • Dural Arteriovenous Malformations
  • Dystonia
  • Ependymoma
  • Epidermoid Tumor (Cyst)
  • Epidural Hematomas
  • Epilepsy
  • Essential Tremor
  • Extratemporal Lobe Epilepsies
  • Facet Joint Syndrome
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Frontal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Ganglioglioma
  • Glioblastoma
  • Germinoma
  • Glioma
  • Glomus Jugulare Tumor
  • Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia
  • Hemangioblastomas
  • Hemi-Facial Spasm
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Hyperhidrosis
  • Intracerebral Hemorrhage
  • Intracranial Hypotension
  • JPA
  • Low-Grade Astrocytoma
  • Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
  • Lymphoma
  • Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumors
  • Medulloblastoma
  • Meningioma Brain Tumor
  • Meralgia Paresthetica
  • Metastatic Brain Tumors
  • Moyamoya Disease
  • Myelomeningocele
  • Myelopathy
  • Nelson's Syndrome
  • Neurocysticercosis
  • Neurofibromatosis Type 2 and Schwannomatosis
  • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
  • Oligodendroglioma
  • Optic Nerve Glioma
  • Osteoarthritis of the Peripheral Joint
  • Osteoarthritis of the Spine
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures
  • Parkinsons Syndrome
  • Pediatric Conditions
  • Pediatric Hydrocephalus
  • Peripheral Nerve Injury
  • Phantom Limb Pain
  • Pineal Tumor
  • Pineoblastoma
  • Pineocytoma
  • Platybasia
  • Postherpetic Neuralgia
  • Post-Traumatic Seizures
  • Primary CNS Lymphoma
  • Pseudotumor Cerebri
  • Radiculopathy—Cervical & Lumbar (Pinched Nerve)
  • Recurrent Adenomas
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Schwannomas
  • Scoliosis
  • Seizure
  • Skull Fracture
  • Slit Ventricle Syndrome
  • Spasticity
  • Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
  • Spinal Compression Fractures
  • Spine Conditions
  • Spinal Cord Injury
  • Spinal Cord Lipomas & Lipomyelomeningoceles
  • Spinal Cord Tumors
  • Stenosis
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
  • Syringomyelia
  • Tethered Cord Syndrome
  • Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
  • Thyrotroph (TSH) Secreting Adenomas
  • Torticollis
  • Traumatic Hematomas
  • Trigeminal Neuralgia
  • Trochanteric Bursitis
  • Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
  1. Home
  2. Conditions Treated
  3. Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

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Affiliated: Lidia's AVM Story | Andrea's AVM Story | Cerebrovascular Program

About Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

General Information

Graded Feature Points
Size  
Small    (>3cm) 1
Medium (3-6 cm) 2
Large    (>6cm) 3
Eloquence of adjacent brain  
Non-eloquent 0
Eloquent 1
Pattern of Venous Drainage  
Superficial only 0
Deep 1
  • An AVM is an abnormal collection of blood vessels where blood from arteries in the brain flows directly into draining veins without the normal capillaries in between. AVMs appear as a "tangle" of vessels.
  • They are present at birth and appear in less than 0.14 percent of the U.S. population, or about 280,000 individuals.
  • About one quarter of AVMs hemorrhage by age 15 and the majority become symptomatic by age 50.

Symptoms

  • About half of patients with AVMs suffer a hemorrhage, or bleeding, and about 25 percent suffer seizures.
  • Other symptoms include headaches, pressure on surrounding brain tissue, and bruits, or murmurs in a vessel caused by flowing blood that are audible to the patient.
  • The cumulative risk of hemorrhage from an AVM is an estimated 2 percent to 4 percent per year. Each episode of bleeding carries a 30 percent risk of death and about a 25 percent risk of significant long term morbidity.

Diagnosis

  • AVMs can be identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans. The scans also provide information about location and old hemorrhages without symptoms. AVMs also need to be evaluated by cerebral angiography to learn about the structure.
  • AVMs are graded by the Spetzler-Martin grading system. This system uses three important characteristic of the AVM to arrive at the grade:
    1. Size -- the larger the size the higher the grade.
    2. Location – eloquent areas of the brain (sensory, motor, language, visual cortex, hypothalamus and thalamus, internal capsule, brainstem) result in a higher grade.
    3. Pattern of venous drainage—drainage from the veins into the deep structures of the brain result in a higher grade
  • The higher the grade of an AVM the more difficult it is to treat, and the higher the risks associated with them.

Treatment

Options vary according to the history and probable future of the AVM and patient age.

  • Surgery is the most common approach.
  • Other treatment options include stereotactic radiosurgery, especially for small AVMs in critical locations. The risks of hemorrhage are not decreased until approximately two years after the treatment, but this approach avoids the risk of damage to critical structures and bleeding found in open surgery.
  • Some AVMs may be treated by minimally invasive endovascular embolization to block blood flow through the vessels.

The Neuro-ICU cares for patients with all types of neurosurgical and neurological injuries, including stroke, brain hemorrhage, trauma and tumors. We work in close cooperation with your surgeon or medical doctor with whom you have had initial contact. Together with the surgeon or medical doctor, the Neuro-ICU attending physician and team members direct your family member's care while in the ICU. The Neuro-ICU team consists of the bedside nurses, nurse practitioners, physicians in specialty training (Fellows) and attending physicians. UCLA Neuro ICU Family Guide

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